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Back of Napkin

Wingstop Inc. WING

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Wingstop's operating income grew 21% last year. Its average restaurant sold $242,000 less than it did a year earlier.

Those two facts coexist because the company opened 566 restaurants while the ones already open shrank, and the stock has fallen 66% as people worked out which number matters.

WING · price with moving averages

Daily · 6MWeekly · 3Y
$87$177$267$357$448 Sep '23Apr '24Nov '24Jun '25Jan '26Aug '26 BID
EMAs82140

Source: market data.

The business

Wingstop sells chicken wings, boneless wings and tenders in a dozen sauces out of small takeaway units with almost no seating. Around 98% of the 3,255 restaurants are owned by franchisees, so the company collects a royalty on every sale and carries almost none of the operating cost. That structure is why the margins look like a software company's and why the model breaks in a specific way: royalties are a percentage of franchisee sales, so when the average restaurant sells less, the company earns less per unit and can only offset it by adding units.

Inside the complete Back of Napkin

  1. 01The business
  2. 02The numbers
  3. 03Management
  4. 04How it fails or surprises you
  5. 05The shape of the payoff
  6. 06Closing thoughts
  7. 07Methodology

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